Solar charge controllers with PWM (pulse-width modulation)

Simple solar charge controlers just disconnect or shunt the solar battery when battery's voltage reaches about 14.4V (for storage battery with rated voltage 12V). When the voltage drops to 12.5-13V, the PV battery is connected to accumulator again and charge is started again. Such algorithm allows to charge batteries to 60-70%. If this happens regularly, the sulfactation occurs and battery life is reduced.

More advanced controllers keep charging the battery after the 14.4V is reached. At this stage so called pulse-width modulation of charging current is used. This allows to charge the battery 100%.

Four Stages of Solar Charging

Four stages of solar charge process

1. Bulk Charging: In this stage, the battery will accept all the current provided by the solar system.

2. PWM Absorption: When the battery reaches the regulation voltage, the PWM begins to hold the voltage constant. This is to avoid over-heating and over-gassing the battery. The current will taper down to safe levels as the battery becomes more fully charged.

3. Equalization: Many batteries benefit from a periodic boost charge to stir the electrolyte, level the cell voltages, and complete the chemical reactions.

4. Float: When the battery is fully recharged, the charging voltage is reduced to prevent further heating or gassing of the battery.

German company Steaca Solar is one of the leader in the world market of PWM charge controllers. We use Steca Solar's controllers in our PV systems and sets. Currently we offer Steca Solar solar charge controllers for currents from 5 to 30 A and rated voltage 12/24 V. There are different level controllers. All of them use PWM of charge current. Most advanced use specially designed charge processor with internal software for determining storage battery's state of charge (SOC). This alllows to choose best strategy for charging your battery. Thus, you battery service life is prolonged significantly.

Also, Russian made PWM charger was designed by our order. Currently, it is the only true PWM controller made in Russia.

This is series type PWM controller with maximum charge/load current 10 A and capacity up to 100 W. Voltage is 12 V (see right side image).

Buy solar charge conntrollers

We sell and equip our PV solar systems with different solar charge controllers. Almost all of them are with PWM of charge current.

You can see what we offer in our Internet shop in section "Solar Charge controllers"

You can also download operation manuals for some of the offered controllers.

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